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Tayebi Kamardi M, Hosseini S, Pourgholaminejad A, Asghari Vostikolaee M, Sodeifi N, Sayahpour F A et al . The Therapeutic Potential of Human Adipose and Bone-Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Autoimmune Rheumatoid Arthritis. ASWTR 2025; 22 (3) :29-40
URL: http://icml.ir/article-1-687-en.html

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune syndrome which mainly affects joint spaces, and leads to the joint destruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent immunosuppression functions that make them eligible candidates for RA cell-based immunomodulation therapy. This study aimed to compare the immunomodulatory effects of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs) and evaluate their therapeutic potential in an experimental RA model.
Methods: The immunosuppressive effects of hBM-MSCs and hAD-MSCs on human and rat lymphocytes were first assessed in vitro using mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays. Subsequently, their therapeutic potential was evaluated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats that received daily MSC injections for 5 days. Clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and cytokine analyses were performed to assess treatment outcomes. Both hBM-MSCs and hAD-MSCs significantly inhibited rat and human lymphocyte proliferation in vitro compared with controls (p < 0.001).
Results: BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs similarly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation in-vitro. In-vivo administration of either MSC source significantly reduced arthritis severity compared with untreated groups (p<0.001). Additionally, both hAD- and BM-MSCs significantly inhibited the expression of gene coding of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon- γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and induced the expression of gene coding of anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) compared with untreated groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: These results suggest that the hAD-MSCs could represent a valuable tool and a useful alternative to hBM-MSCs for stem cell-based therapy in chronic and immunologic inflammatory diseases.