Volume 19, Issue 4 (4-2023)
lmj 2023, 19(4): 24-34 |
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amiri H, Mokhtari-Dizaji M. Cellular pathways of cancer treatment by photodynamic therapy. lmj 2023; 19 (4) :24-34
URL: http://icml.ir/article-1-582-en.html
URL: http://icml.ir/article-1-582-en.html
Professor of Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1023 Views)
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging method for cancer treatment. The three main components of this treatment modality are appropriate light wavelength, Photosensitizer and oxygen of tissue. The photochemical reactions of light with photosensitizer leads to production of singlet oxygen, which is extremely reactive and probably it is mainly agent to destruct cells and tumoral tissue. The photosensitizer can be localized in different organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and plasma membranes. This preferential subcellular localization determines the signaling occurs after PDT. Depending on the location of subcellular destruction by singlet oxygen, several signaling cascades are simultaneously activated in cancer cells exposed to the photodynamic stress. These signals are led to adaptive responses or cell death. Recent Studies show that PDT can be directly used to destroy cancer cells by effectively inducing cell death pathways in apoptotic and non-apoptotic ways (autophagy and necrosis). Identification of the molecular effects regulating cell death after PDT is one of the research interests in the field of cancer therapy. This review will discuss the complexity of the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor response to photodynamic therapy, specifically, the effect of ROS on cell components and the main mechanisms of cell death caused by PDT.
Educational: Review |
Subject:
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Received: 2023/04/29 | Accepted: 2023/04/30 | Published: 2023/04/30
Received: 2023/04/29 | Accepted: 2023/04/30 | Published: 2023/04/30
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