Volume 21, Issue 2 (8-2024)
lmj 2024, 21(2): 30-50 |
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Aboukazempour Amiri R, Khatibi Shahidi F, Yaghoubi-Avini M, Farivar S, Shirkavand A. Investigating the effect of photodynamic inactivation methods on oral-dental biofilms. lmj 2024; 21 (2) :30-50
URL: http://icml.ir/article-1-652-en.html
URL: http://icml.ir/article-1-652-en.html
Reza Aboukazempour Amiri 
, Fedora Khatibi Shahidi , Mohammad Yaghoubi-Avini * , Shirin Farivar , Afshan Shirkavand
, Fedora Khatibi Shahidi , Mohammad Yaghoubi-Avini * , Shirin Farivar , Afshan Shirkavand
Abstract: (848 Views)
Introduction: Oral biofilms, formed by microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and Enterococcus faecalis, contribute to common dental problems like caries, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis. These biofilms, characterized by a self-produced extracellular matrix, exhibit high resistance to conventional treatments like antibiotics, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies. This review explores how PDT employs photosensitizers (PS) activated by specific wavelengths of light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently target microbial cells and disrupt the biofilm matrix. The aim of his review is to explores the applications and mechanisms of a novel therapeutic approach called photodynamic therapy (PDT) for biofilm-associated infections in dentistry.
Method: The review also provides a comprehensive overview of both in vitro and clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of PDT. Results: PDT with photosensitizers such as methylene blue and toluidine blue, combined with light sources such as diode lasers, results in a significant reduction in microbial viability in biofilms. Through the mechanism of ROS production, photodynamic therapy disrupts biofilm integrity and inactivates microbial pathogens. Furthermore, studies show that combining photodynamic therapy with conventional treatments such as chlorhexidine or low-dose antibiotics enhances biofilm elimination by exploiting synergistic effects.
Conclusion: Advances in nanotechnology, including nanoparticle-encapsulated photosensitizers, are also discussed for their potential to increase the clinical efficacy and specificity of PDT. Through a comprehensive review of current research, this article seeks to highlight the potential of PDT to revolutionize oral care by providing a minimally invasive solution for persistent and resistant dental biofilms.
Method: The review also provides a comprehensive overview of both in vitro and clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of PDT. Results: PDT with photosensitizers such as methylene blue and toluidine blue, combined with light sources such as diode lasers, results in a significant reduction in microbial viability in biofilms. Through the mechanism of ROS production, photodynamic therapy disrupts biofilm integrity and inactivates microbial pathogens. Furthermore, studies show that combining photodynamic therapy with conventional treatments such as chlorhexidine or low-dose antibiotics enhances biofilm elimination by exploiting synergistic effects.
Conclusion: Advances in nanotechnology, including nanoparticle-encapsulated photosensitizers, are also discussed for their potential to increase the clinical efficacy and specificity of PDT. Through a comprehensive review of current research, this article seeks to highlight the potential of PDT to revolutionize oral care by providing a minimally invasive solution for persistent and resistant dental biofilms.
Educational: Review |
Subject:
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Received: 2024/11/20 | Accepted: 2024/12/10 | Published: 2025/02/9
Received: 2024/11/20 | Accepted: 2024/12/10 | Published: 2025/02/9
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